舍利器 銘文을 통해 본 백제 사비시기 국왕과 귀족세력의 권력관계 - 沙氏세력과의 관계를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The aim of this study is to clarify the political relationships between the king and the nobility in the Sabi period of Baekje through the analysis of the three inscriptions of the Sariras discovered in the period from 1995 to 2009 and the related documents. Through the analysis of the stone reliquary with “King Chang” inscription and inscription of the sarira case in Wangheung-sa temple site, I can estimate that King Wideok(554～597) overcame the weakness of royal authority in the early days in office by the year 567(King Wideok 14). King Wideok governed the Baekje for 44 years on the basis of strengthened royal authority and sustained the diplomatic relationships with Chén[陳], Běiqí[北齊]･Běizhōu[北周] in China. Though the King Mu(600～641) was not the legitimate son of King Beop(599～600), he could accede to the throne as a child of concubine. Under the meaning of that, I can accept the facticity of Seodong story described in Samgukyusa. However, I do not accept the connectivity between the legendary story of the foundation of Mireuk-sa temple collected in Samgukyusa and Seodong story. The Sarira dedication record discovered in stone stupa in Mireuk-sa showed the relationships between the king and the nobility of Sa(tak) family[沙(乇)氏] around the construction of Mireuk-sa partly. Emerged after the combat of castle Amak in the year 3 of King Mu, the nobility of Sa family enlarged the political power through the activity of general Sa Gul after the time of the year 28 of King Mu. I estimate though the nobility of Sa cooperated with King Mu through the war against the foreign country and the state affairs, they turned to hostile relationship with King Mu after the appointment of Euja to the position of crown prince. According to the Sarira dedication record, King Mu and the nobility of Sa were in the state of struggle and competition in the year 639 when the construction of west stupa of Mireuk-sa was completed. The construction of Mireuk-sa was leaded by the nobility of Sa represented by Queen Satak. Though this study could not show, further study should focus on the possibility of diversification among the family of nobility according to the difference on the interests and the rise and fall of the family. On the point of that, we should examine far more aspects when we study the nobility of Sa who were the foremost among the eight grand families of nobility[大姓八族]. When we research the central power relationships, we should also review the duality of Queen who played the essential role of sustaining the King’s family and representing the nobility where the Queen was belonged.