우리나라 제조업에서 무역자유화가 성장 및 양극화에 미치는 영향: 미시자료를 통한 실증적 증거들Trade Liberalization, Growth, and Bi-polarization in Korean Manufacturing: Evidence from Microdata
- Other Titles
- Trade Liberalization, Growth, and Bi-polarization in Korean Manufacturing: Evidence from Microdata
- Authors
- 한진희
- Issue Date
- Nov-2013
- Publisher
- 한국개발연구원
- Keywords
- Trade Liberalization; Productivity; Bi-Polarization; Firm Heterogeneity; Wage Inequality; 무역자유화; 생산성; 양극화; 기업 이질성; 임금불평등
- Citation
- KDI Journal of Economic Policy, v.35, no.4, pp.1 - 29
- Journal Title
- KDI Journal of Economic Policy
- Volume
- 35
- Number
- 4
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 29
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/15233
- DOI
- 10.23895/kdijep.2013.35.4.1
- ISSN
- 2586-2995
- Abstract
- This paper examines the effect of trade liberalization or globalization, more broadly, on plants’ growth as well as on “bi-polarization”. To do so, we reviewed the possible theoretical mechanisms put forward by recent heterogeneous firm trade theories, and provided available micro-evidence from existing empirical studies on Korean manufacturing sector. Above all, the empirical evidence provided in this paper strongly suggests that globalization promoted growth of Korean manufacturing plants. Specifically, evidence suggests that exporting not only increases within-plant productivity but also promotes introduction of new products and dropping of old products. However, the empirical evidence also suggests that globalization has some downsides: widening productivity differences across plants and rising wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. Specifically, trade liberalization widens the initial productivity differences among plants through learning from export market participation as well as through interactions between exporting and R&D, both of which increase plants’ productivity. We also show that there is only a small group of large and productive “superstar” plants engaged in both R&D and exporting activity, which can fully utilize the potential benefits from globalization. Finally, we show evidence that trade liberalization interacts with innovation to increase the skilled-unskilled wage inequality.
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