Phenol-formaldehyde-resin-based activated carbons with controlled pore size distribution for high-performance supercapacitors
- Authors
- Talreja, Neetu; Jung, SungHoon; Yen, Le Thi Hai; Kim, TaeYoung
- Issue Date
- 1-Jan-2020
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
- Keywords
- Carbon microparticles; Metal template; Controlled pore size; Mesoporosity; Supercapacitor; Energy storage
- Citation
- CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, v.379
- Journal Title
- CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
- Volume
- 379
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/17640
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.cej.2019.122332
- ISSN
- 1385-8947
- Abstract
- Carbon-based materials with a controlled pore size distribution are highly desirable to achieve fast diffusion of electrolytes and enhance supercapacitor performance. Here, we report a method to effectively control porosity of the phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin-based carbons along with pore volume and pore size distribution using a combined metal templating and physical/chemical activation approach. The combined metal templating and physical/chemical activation approach allows the precise control of the pore size of the carbons. PF resin synthesized by suspension polymerization was used as a carbon source and metal ions (Fe+ and Zn+) were used as templating agents. The pore size could be superbly tuned in the 2-50 nm range by varying the metal ion. Carbonization and CO2 activation of the metal-embedded PF resins yielded carbon microparticles (M-CMP), which turned into carbon microparticles (M-CMP-S) having mesopores in the range of 35-51 nm by sonication and KOH activation. The specific capacitances of Fe-CMP-S and Zn-CMP-S were as high as 132 and 152 F g (58 and 74 F cm(-3)) in ionic liquid electrolyte with energy densities of 56 and 64 Wh kg(-1), respectively. In organic electrolyte, the Zn-CMP-S showed the specific capacitance of 136 F g(-1) with a maximum power density of 709 kW kg(-1). Adjustable pore size of the M-CMP-S facilitated the diffusion of electrolyte ions into the electrode, thereby achieving supercapacitor with high energy and power density.
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