Development of solidified self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems containing L-tetrahydropalmatine: Design of experiment approach and bioavailability comparison
- Authors
- Nguyen-Thach Tung; Cao-Son Tran; Thi-Minh-Hue Pham; Hoang-Anh Nguyen; Tran-Linh Nguyen; Chi, Sang-Cheol; Dinh-Duc Nguyen; Thi-Bich-Huong Bui
- Issue Date
- 15-Feb-2018
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
- Keywords
- L-Tetrahydropalmatine; Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system; Pellet; Solubility; Bioavailability
- Citation
- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS, v.537, no.1-2, pp.9 - 21
- Journal Title
- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
- Volume
- 537
- Number
- 1-2
- Start Page
- 9
- End Page
- 21
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/4054
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.027
- ISSN
- 0378-5173
- Abstract
- The study first aimed to apply a design of experiment (DoE) approach to investigate the influences of excipients on the properties of liquid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) and SMEDDS loaded in the pellet (pellet-SMEDDS) containing L-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP). Another aim of the study was to compare the bioavailability of l-THP suspension, liquid SMEDDS and pellet-SMEDDS in the rabbit model. By using Central Composite Face design (CCF), the optimum ratio of Capryol 90, and S-mix '(Cremophor RH 40: Transcutol HP) in the formulation of SMEDDS was determined. This optimum SMEDDS was absorbed on the solid carrier (Avicel or Aerosil) for the preparation of pellet-SMEDDS by extrusion and spheronization method. The ANOVA table indicated that Avicel was more effective than Aerosil, the traditional solid carrier, in both terms of preservation of dissolution rate of l-THP from the original SMEDDS and pelletization yield. Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the existence of liquid SMEDDS droplets on the surface of pellet-SMEDDS was due to the absorption on Avicel. The powder X-ray diffractometry proved the amorphous state of l-THP in pellet-SMEDDS. Pharmacokinetic study in the rabbit model using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry showed that the SMEDDS improved the oral bioavailability of l-THP by 198.63% compared to l-THP suspension. Besides, pharmacokinetics study also proved that the mean relative bioavailability (AUC) and mean maximum concentration (C-max) of pellet-SMEDDS were not significantly different from the original liquid SMEDDS (p > 0.05).
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