Dual-end-functionalized tin (Sn)-phyllosilicates for the esterification of oleic acid
- Authors
- Nam, Bora; Lee, Hyun Uk; Park, So Young; Son, Byung-Chul; Lee, Go-Woon; Park, Ji-Yeon; Lee, Young-Chul
- Issue Date
- 25-Sep-2016
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
- Keywords
- Tin (Sn)-phyllosilicate; Dual-end functionalization; Bronsted acid/base; Lewis acid; Esterification
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY, v.41, pp.50 - 61
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
- Volume
- 41
- Start Page
- 50
- End Page
- 61
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/7876
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.07.002
- ISSN
- 1226-086X
- Abstract
- We designed dual-end-functionalized tin (Sn)-phyllosilicate, where the -SH functional groups were subsequently oxidized for -SO3H/SO4H functionalities in a Bronsted acid with/without NH2 functional groups in a Bronsted base. Dual-end-functionalized tin (Sn)-phyllosilicates [MTES:APTS = 1.0:0.11, MTES:TEOS = 1.0:0.11 and 1.0:0.43, v/v] were fabricated where the inorganic framework of Sn species can function as a Lewis acid. The Sn-phyllosilicates with dual acids were applied to esterify oleic acid and produce oleic acid-methyl-ester to test their feasibility as fatty-acid-conversion solid catalysts. In the absence of amine groups, the increase in ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to (3-mercaptopropyl)-trimethoxysilane (MTES) for the synthesis of Sn-phyllosilicates (MTES:TEOS = 1.0:0.11 and 1.0:0.43, v/v) increased the recovery of Sn-phyllosilicate in the solvent media and gradually decreased the oleic acid methyl-ester production efficiency (%) of the oleic acid conversion. At the fixed 2.0 wt% Sn-phyllosilicate (MTES:APTS = 1.0:0.11, v/v) loading and oleic acid:MeOH weight ratio = 1:1, an 80 degrees C reaction temperature and 4 h reaction time were determined to be the optimal conditions for the oleic acid methyl-ester production, which had 90% oleic acid conversion efficiency. When the Sn-phyllosilicate (MTES:APTS = 1.0:0.11, v/v) loading was increased from 0.1 to 5.0 wt% at 80 degrees C and 4 h, the fatty-acid conversion efficiency (%) of oleic acid gradually increased from 39.16 to 92.23%. In contrast, Sn-phyllosilicate (MTES:TEOS = 1.0:0.43) had the lowest oleic acid conversion efficiency (%) but the highest catalyst recovery. In summary, this study presents a facile method to produce oleic acid conversion catalysts on an industrial scale. (C) 2016 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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