Associations of urinary sodium levels with overweight and central obesity in a population with a sodium intake
- Authors
- Lee, Juyeon; Hwang, Yunji; Kim, Kyoung-Nam; Ahn, Choonghyun; Sung, Ho Kyung; Ko, Kwang-Pil; Oh, Kook-Hwan; Ahn, Curie; Park, Young Joo; Kim, Suhnggwon; Lim, Young-Khi; Park, Sue K.
- Issue Date
- Nov-2018
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Keywords
- Body mass index; Korean National Health and nutrition examination survey; Obesity; Sodium excretion; Waist circumference
- Citation
- BMC Nutrition, v.4, no.1
- Journal Title
- BMC Nutrition
- Volume
- 4
- Number
- 1
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/79018
- DOI
- 10.1186/s40795-018-0255-6
- ISSN
- 2055-0928
- Abstract
- Background: Previous studies have reported an association between dietary sodium intake and overweight/central obesity. However, dietary survey methods were prone to underestimate sodium intake. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of calculated 24-h urinary sodium excretion, an index of dietary sodium intake, with various obesity parameters including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a population with a relatively high sodium intake. Methods: A total of 16,250 adults (aged ≥19 years) and 1476 adolescents (aged 10-18 years), with available information on spot urine sodium levels and anthropometric measurements from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were included in this study. We calculated 24-h urine sodium excretion levels from spot urine sodium levels using the Tanaka formula. Results: In adults, those with high sodium excretion levels (≥ 3200 mg) showed increased odds of overweight and central obesity compared to those with low urinary sodium excretion level (< 2200 mg) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.90-2.49 for overweight; OR = 2.50, 95% CI = 2.13-2.94 for central obesity). These associations were also observed in adolescents (OR = 5.80, 95% CI = 3.17-10.60 for overweight; OR = 4.19, 95% CI = 1.78-9.89 for central obesity). Conclusions: The present study suggests that reducing salt intake might be important for preventing overweight and central obesity, especially in adolescents. However, because the present study was conducted with cross-sectional study design, further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the causal relationship between urinary sodium excretion and overweight/central obesity. © 2018 The Author(s).
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