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Vitamin D Status, Fiber Intake, and Type 2 Diabetes in US Adults

Authors
Kwak, Jung HyunChoi, Yoon-HyeongPaik, Jean Kyung
Issue Date
Jul-2020
Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
Keywords
diabetes; fiber; U; S; adults; vitamin D
Citation
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD, v.23, no.7, pp.711 - 718
Journal Title
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
Volume
23
Number
7
Start Page
711
End Page
718
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/79600
DOI
10.1089/jmf.2019.4528
ISSN
1096-620X
Abstract
Vitamin D and fiber intake are nutritional factors that could affect the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), potentially by reducing insulin resistance. Therefore, we hypothesized that the influence of vitamin D on T2D might depend on fiber intake. This study investigated the association between vitamin D status and T2D according to fiber intake. The present study analyzed data from 9,656 American adults (>= 20 years old) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. The serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was used as a biomarker for vitamin D status. The T2D classification was based on two criteria: T2D(a) was identified using only self-reported questionnaire data and T2D(b) was identified based on both survey and laboratory data. The deficient vitamin D status (<50 nmol/L) was used as the reference group. After controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and dietary factors, the odds ratios (ORs) were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58, 0.90) for T2D(a) and 0.60 (0.50, 0.80) for T2D(b) in the sufficient vitamin D status (>= 75 nmol/L). Furthermore, the total vitamin D concentration exhibited dose-dependent associations with lower OR values for T2D(a) (P for trend = .005) and T2D(b) (P for trend <.001). Among participants with high-fiber intake, the OR values for T2D(b) were 0.60 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.90) at suboptimal vitamin D status and 0.49 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.77) at sufficient vitamin D status. Moreover, the significant dose-dependent association persisted in the high-fiber-intake subgroup (P for trend = .004). Therefore, combining vitamin D plus high-fiber intake would help reduce the prevalence of diabetes, although the interaction analysis results were not statistically significant.
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