A Case Study on Physical Characteristics of High School Male Elite Athletes according to Sport Type: Focusing on the Target Elite Athletes of Seoul Sports Science Research Institute

Abstract

Since 2015, Korea has been operating regional sports science centers in 10 cities across the country, and is pursuing a plan to systematically link athletes’ physical fitness through physical fitness measurements according to the athlete’s life cycle. For 243 elite athletes whose physical strength was measured by the Seoul Sports Science Center, the development direction of each sport type of the elite athletes in Seoul is analyzed through classification and grade. As a result of the study, in terms of basic physical strength, the difference in physical strength by sport type was significant in all items of muscle strength, muscular endurance, muscle power, cardiopulmonary endurance, agility, balance, and coordination except flexibility. As a result of analyzing the difference in the level of the physical strength factor according to the application of the fitness grade criteria for each sport type, the A type showed significantly higher differences in grip strength and back strength than the B and D types. It was significantly higher in sit-up than type A. Type B showed significantly higher physical endurance, muscle power, cardiopulmonary endurance, agility, coordination, and equilibrium compared to the A and D types, and D type showed higher physical strength level than the A type in cardiopulmonary endurance, agility, and balance. Based on the results of this study, it is considered necessary to compare the performance and physical strength of male high school students in Seoul and the characteristics of athletes by sport type to review the training method and improvement of the performance.