High Cadmium Levels in Individuals with Depressive Mood: Results from the 2008-2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey
- Authors
- Hwang, In Cheol; Ahn, Hong Yup
- Issue Date
- Jul-2021
- Publisher
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Keywords
- Cadmium; Causality; Depression; Smoking; South Korea
- Citation
- Iranian Journal of Public Health, v.50, no.8, pp.1595 - 1602
- Journal Title
- Iranian Journal of Public Health
- Volume
- 50
- Number
- 8
- Start Page
- 1595
- End Page
- 1602
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/81823
- ISSN
- 2251-6085
- Abstract
- Background: The relationship between cadmium (Cd) exposure and depression remains unclear. This nation-wide study aimed to compare the levels of blood Cd with the presence of depressive mood in Korean adults. Methods: From the 2008–2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 10,968 individuals over 20 yr old were identified. Data on demographics, health behaviors, depressive mood, and blood Cd (B-Cd) levels were used in the analysis. Estimated levels of B-Cd were drawn from multivariate regression models. Results: Higher age-adjusted B-Cd levels were noted among women, rural residents, people who have a low economic or educational status, smoke currently, drink frequently, or have depressive mood than the counterpart groups. In fully adjusted models, men with depressive mood exhibited significantly higher B-Cd levels than those without depressive mood, and these levels were strongly mediated by smoking status. Conclusion: Our results suggest a need for Cd accumulation screening among individuals with depressive mood. © 2021 Hwang et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
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