Chemical Investigation of Diketopiperazines and N-Phenethylacetamide Isolated from Aquimarina sp. MC085 and Their Effect on TGF-beta-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
- Authors
- Lee, Myong Jin; Kim, Geum Jin; Shin, Myoung-Sook; Moon, Jimin; Kim, Sungjin; Nam, Joo-Won; Kang, Ki Sung; Choi, Hyukjae
- Issue Date
- Oct-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- A549 cells; Aquimarina sp; Diketopiperazine; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); N-phenethylacetamide
- Citation
- APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL, v.11, no.19
- Journal Title
- APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
- Volume
- 11
- Number
- 19
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/82506
- DOI
- 10.3390/app11198866
- ISSN
- 2076-3417
- Abstract
- Chemical investigations of Aquimarina sp. MC085, which suppressed TGF-β-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in A549 human lung cancer cells, led to the isolation of compounds 1–3. Structural characterization using spectroscopic data analyses in combination with Marfey’s analysis revealed that they were two diketopiperazines [cyclo(L-Pro-L-Leu) (1) and cyclo(L-Pro-L-Ile) (2)] and one N-phenethylacetamide (3). Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Leu) (1) and N-phenethylactamide (3) inhibited the TGF-β/Smad pathway and suppressed the metastasis of A549 cells by affecting TGF-β-induced EMT. However, cyclo(L-Pro-L-Ile) (2) downregulated mesenchymal factors via a non-Smad-mediated signaling pathway. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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