The blood-brain barrier disruption after syncope: a dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging study A case report

Abstract

Rationale: Using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), we demonstrated blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption following syncope. Patient concerns: A 45-year-old man experienced syncope with a chief complaint of syncope (duration: 1 minutes), 1 day before visiting a university hospital for examination. He had no history of medical problems and was not taking any medications. This episode was the first in his lifetime. Diagnoses: After syncope, the patient did not have any illnesses or symptoms, such as headache, cognitive deficits, or somnolence. Interventions: Cardiac evaluation did not reveal any abnormal findings. In addition, in conventional brain and chest computed tomography and brain MRI, no abnormal lesions were observed. Outcomes: DCE-MRI of the patient showed bright blue colored lines within the sulci throughout the cerebral cortex. The regions of interest, including bright blue colored lines, had significantly higher K-trans values (6.86 times higher) than those in healthy control participants. These findings are indicative of BBB disruption of the vessels in the sulci. Lessons: Using DCE-MRI, we demonstrated BBB disruption following syncope. DCE-MRI is a useful tool for the detection of BBB disruption following syncope.