Wet chemistry-based processing of tunable polychromatic carbon quantum dots for multicolor bioimaging and enhanced NIR-triggered photothermal bactericidal efficacy
- Authors
- Moniruzzaman, Md; Dutta, Sayan Deb; Lim, Ki-Taek; Kim, Jongsung
- Issue Date
- Sep-2022
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER
- Keywords
- Wet-chemistry based processing; multicolor CQDs; Bioimaging; NIR-triggered photothermal; Bactericidal activity
- Citation
- APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, v.597
- Journal Title
- APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
- Volume
- 597
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/84988
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153630
- ISSN
- 0169-4332
- Abstract
- A strategy for the processing of photoluminescence emission tunable multicolor carbon quantum dots has been adopted based on the controllable acidic strength [different ratio mixtures of sulfuric and phosphoric acids (S:P)] using a single polyphenolic precursor. 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, a three-fold symmetric (C3h symmetry) triangulogen bearing -OH group at the meta position, was judiciously chosen to undergo dehydration facilitated condensation and carbonization suitably via a tri-molecular reaction route in a dehydrating acid medium. Polyaromatic-polyphenolic CQDs with multicolor emissions [blue (B-CQDs), green (G-CQDs), and yellow (YCQDs)] could be rapidly obtained through a facile wet chemistry-based thermal heating process. The mechanism of regulated bottom-up growth of CQD particles involved tri-molecular ring cyclization. These multicolor luminous CQD probes enabled intense multicolor cellular imaging throughout the entire visible range because of their good biocompatibility, photostability, and effective intracellular distribution. Moreover, Y-CQDs with larger polyaromatic sp2 domains and higher oxidized surfaces exhibited a high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE ~ 32.6 +/- 1 %) and thus exhibited remarkable NIR-light responsive photothermal bactericidal activity. Our results demonstrate that hyperthermia-induced bactericidal activity is due to the elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) amplification and membrane damage of Bacillus subtilis. This study provides a potential alternative for the multicolor imaging guided CQDs-based phototheranostic.
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