Ultrafiltrated fraction of korean red ginseng extract improves memory impairment of tg2576 mice via inhibition of soluble AB production and acetylcholinesterase activity
- Authors
- Shin, K.Y.; Won, B.Y.; Ha, H.J.; Yun, Y.S.; Chang, K.-A.; Lee, H.G.; Oh, M.H.; Lee, H.; Park, Y.-S.; Park, J.D.; Pyo, M.K.
- Issue Date
- Jan-2016
- Publisher
- Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd
- Keywords
- Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer’s disease; Ginseng; Memory; Ultrafiltration
- Citation
- International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, v.8, no.4, pp.272 - 277
- Journal Title
- International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Volume
- 8
- Number
- 4
- Start Page
- 272
- End Page
- 277
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/8683
- ISSN
- 0975-1491
- Abstract
- Objective: The goal of this study was to research for an effective fraction on memory improvement of Korean red ginseng. Methods: In this study, 80 % ethanol red ginseng extract (RE) was divided into inner fluid (REUI) and outer fluid (REUO) by the ultrafiltration and then REUO was further separated into four fractions namely, REUO-00, REUO-30, REUO-50 and REUO-70, respectively, by Diaion HP-20 column chromatography. Results: REUO has protected more significantly the H2O2-induced SHSY-5Y cell death than REUI. Interestingly, the hydrophobic parts of the REUO (REUO-EtOHs) such as REUO-30,-50 and-70 decreased more significantly the H2O2-induced cell death than its hydrophilic part (REUO-00) in a dose-dependent manner. Then, we focused on the activity of a candidate for cholinergic functions, because memory deficits of neurodegenerative diseases are closely associated with cholinergic dysfunctions. The REUO-EtOHs (1.25 mg/ml) inhibited the activity of the acetylcholinesterase and its half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was about 2.358 mg/ml. Additionally, we investigated whether the intake of the REUO (50 mg/kg/d) during 12 w could improve memory impairment of 12-month old Tg2576 mice and decrease total soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) proteins in the mouse brain cortex. The REUO alleviated significantly the memory impairment and successfully reduced the levels of the soluble Aβ proteins in the mouse cortex. Conclusion: We finally suggest that the REUO, including majorly its hydrophobic part that may be considered as more effective for memory improvement, will be highly considered as valuable candidate for the memory-enhancing ingredients against cholinergic dysfunctions and cognitive impairments of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. © 2016 The Authors.
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