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Validation of Biomarker-Based ABCD Score in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with a Non-Gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc Score 0-1: A Korean Multi-Center Cohortopen access

Authors
Jung, MoonkiByeon, KyeongminKang, Ki-WoonPark, Yae MinHwang, You MiLee, Sung HoJin, Eun-SunRoh, Seung-YoungKim, Jin SeokAhn, JinheeLee, So-RyoungChoi, Eue-KeunAhn, Min-SooLee, Eun MiPark, Hwan-CheolLee, Ki HongKim, MinChoi, Joon HyoukKo, Jum SukKim, Jin BaeKim, ChangsooLip, Gregory Y. H.Shin, Seung Yong
Issue Date
Oct-2022
Publisher
YONSEI UNIV COLL MEDICINE
Keywords
Atrial fibrillation; risk stratification; stroke; ABCD score
Citation
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL, v.63, no.10, pp.892 - 901
Journal Title
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
Volume
63
Number
10
Start Page
892
End Page
901
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/87227
DOI
10.3349/ymj.2022.0157
ISSN
0513-5796
Abstract
Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with low to intermediate risk, defined as non-gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score of 0-1, are still at risk of stroke. This study verified the usefulness of ABCD score [age (=60 years), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal pro-BNP (>= 300 pg/mL), creatinine clearance (<50 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), and dimension of the left atrium (>= 45 mm)] for stroke risk stratification in non-gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 0-1. Materials and Methods: This multi-center cohort study retrospectively analyzed AF patients with non-gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 0-1. The primary endpoint was the incidence of stroke with or without antithrombotic therapy (ATT). An ABCD score was validated. Results: Overall, 2694 patients [56.3 +/- 9.5 years; female, 726 (26.9%)] were followed-up for 4.0 +/- 2.8 years. The overall stroke rate was 0.84/100 person-years (P-Y), stratified as follows: 0.46/100 P-Y for an ABCD score of 0; 1.02/100 P-Y for an ABCD score >= 1. The ABCD score was superior to non-gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score in the stroke risk stratification (C-index=0.618, p=0.015; net reclassification improvement=0.576, p=0.040; integrated differential improvement=0.033, p=0.066). ATT was prescribed in 2353 patients (86.5%), and the stroke rate was significantly lower in patients receiving non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy and an ABCD score >= 1 than in those without ATT (0.44/100 P-Y vs. 1.55/100 P-Y; hazard ratio=0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.11-0.63, p=0.003). Conclusion: The biomarker-based ABCD score demonstrated improved stroke risk stratification in AF patients with non-gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 0-1. Furthermore, NOAC with an ABCD score >= 1 was associated with significantly lower stroke rate in AF patients with non-gender CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 0-1.
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