Nano-scale uniform distribution of Ge/Cu3Ge phase and its electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries
- Authors
- Chae, Oh B.; Park, Sangjin; Ku, Jun H.; Ryu, Ji Heon; Oh, Seung M.
- Issue Date
- Mar-2010
- Publisher
- PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
- Keywords
- Lithium-ion batteries; Pechini method; Germanium (Ge) electrodes; Copper germanide (Cu3Ge); Nano-composites; Electrochemical dilatometry
- Citation
- ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, v.55, no.8, pp.2894 - 2900
- Journal Title
- ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
- Volume
- 55
- Number
- 8
- Start Page
- 2894
- End Page
- 2900
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/87361
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.076
- ISSN
- 0013-4686
- Abstract
- A germanium/copper germanide/carbon (Ge/Cu3Ge/C) composite is prepared by the Pechini method using GeO2, CuSO4. and citric acid/ethylene glycol as the Ge, Cu and carbon sources, respectively. The microstructure and electrochemical properties of this nano-composite are compared to those of germanium/carbon (Ge/C) that is prepared without the copper precursor. In the latter composite, irregular-shaped submicron-sized (0.4-0.5 mu m) Ge particles are dispersed inside a carbon matrix. In the former, however, sphere-shaped nano-sized (<100 nm) Ge particles are produced, inside of which a Cu3Ge phase is uniformly dispersed in nano-scale. The pure Ge component in both electrodes is lithiated up to Li15Ge4 after a lithiation down to 0.0 V at a current density of 100 mA g(-1). The Cu3Ge-containing electrode gives a superior cycle and rate performance to that of the Cu3Ge-free counterpart. This difference has been ascribed to the favorable roles provided by the nano-sized Cu3Ge phase that is intimately contacted with the nano-sized Ge particles within a sphere. The electrochemical dilatometry study reveals that the electrode swelling is much smaller for the Cu3Ge-containing electrode, illustrating that the electrochemically inactive Cu3Ge phase serves as a buffer against a massive volume change encountered in the Ge component. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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