Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Booster Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Koreaopen access
- Authors
- Yoon, Jin Gu; Sohn, Jang Wook; Choi, Won Suk; Wie, Seong-Heon; Lee, Jacob; Lee, Jin-Soo; Jeong, Hye Won; Eom, Joong Sik; Seong, Hye; Nham, Eliel; Choi, Yu Jung; Noh, Ji Yun; Song, Joon Young; Cheong, Hee Jin; Kim, Woo Joo
- Issue Date
- Jan-2024
- Publisher
- KOREAN ACAD MEDICAL SCIENCES
- Keywords
- COVID-19; mRNA Vaccine; Vaccine Efficacy; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE, v.39, no.3, pp 1 - 9
- Pages
- 9
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
- Volume
- 39
- Number
- 3
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 9
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/90827
- DOI
- 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e15
- ISSN
- 1011-8934
1598-6357
- Abstract
- Background: Bivalent booster mRNA vaccines containing the omicron-variant strains have been introduced worldwide in the autumn of 2022. Nevertheless, the omicron subvariants evoked another large coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic wave in late 2022 and early 2023. Methods: A retrospective, test-negative, case-control study was conducted to estimate the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines in 8 university hospitals between January and February 2023. The case and control groups were divided based on nasopharyngeal COVID-19 real-time polymerase chain reaction results and matched based on age, sex, hospital, and date (week) of the test performed. The VE of the BA.1-or BA.4/BA.5-based mRNA vaccines were estimated. VE was calculated using the 1-adjusted odds ratio from multivariable logistic regression. Results: In total, 949 patients and 947 controls were enrolled in this study. VE for the BA.4/ BA.5-based bivalent mRNA vaccine was 43% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17, 61%). In subgroup analysis based on age and underlying medical conditions, BA.4/BA.5-based bivalent mRNA vaccine was effective against old adults aged >_ 65-years (VE, 55%; 95% CI, 23, 73%) and individuals with comorbidities (VE, 54%; 95% CI, 23, 73%). In comparison, the BA.1-based bivalent mRNA vaccine did not demonstrate statistically significant effectiveness (VE, 25%; 95% CI, -8, 49%). Conclusion: The BA.4/BA.5-based bivalent mRNA booster vaccine provided significant protection against COVID-19 in the Korean adults, especially in the older adults aged >_ 65 years and in individuals with underlying medical conditions.
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