A comprehensive review on graphene-based materials: From synthesis to contemporary sensor applications
- Authors
- Perala, Ramaswamy Sandeep; Chandrasekar, Narendhar; Balaji, Ramachandran; Alexander, Pinky Steffi; Humaidi, Nik Zulkarnine Nik; Hwang, Michael Taeyoung
- Issue Date
- Jun-2024
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
- Keywords
- Graphene; Raman spectroscopy; Electrochemical; FET; Analytes and biosensors
- Citation
- MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS, v.159
- Journal Title
- MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS
- Volume
- 159
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/91691
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.mser.2024.100805
- ISSN
- 0927-796X
1879-212X
- Abstract
- Carbon based 2D materials, specifically those of the graphene family, recently gained considerable interest in the study of sensors. It is emerging as a novel and potent material with tunable physicochemical properties such as ballistic conduction, high mechanical strength, a broad spectrum of chemical stability, high surface -area -tovolume ratio, ease of surface functionalization, and the possibility of mass production. This review provides insights into recent advances in graphene-based materials for field-effect transistor-based sensors, electrochemical sensors, and Raman spectroscopy-based sensors. Among the sensing methodologies, those utilizing field-effect transistors demonstrate a high degree of specificity and ultralow sensitivity and are relatively easy to manufacture in large batches with a repeatable sensitivity. Over the last decade, multiple types of sensors based on various graphene-family materials have been researched to detect various types of targets, ranging from biomolecules to heavy metals and chemical pollutants. Owing to their ability to integrate into a portable and rapid test platform, both at the laboratory scale and for point-of-care testing, the graphene family of materials (GFM) is a significantly viable base for sensor fabrication. Electrochemical and Raman spectroscopy-based sensors can provide a robust platform for detection at high -stress environments including fluctuating pH, temperature, and other possible disturbing conditions. The strategies used by researchers to detect specific and ultralow concentrations of analytes in a diverse mixture of targets are elaborated in detail. This review chronologically presents details regarding the GFM ranging from their synthesis to specific application possibilities.
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