Modulation of energy levels and vertical charge transport in polythiophene through copolymerization of non-fluorinated and fluorinated units for organic indoor photovoltaics
- Authors
- Ko, Seong Yeon; Singh, Ranbir; Nketia-Yawson, Benjamin; Ahn, Hyungju; Jo, Jea Woong; Lee, Jae-Joon; Ko, Min Jae
- Issue Date
- Jun-2021
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCI LTD
- Keywords
- Fluorinated conjugated polymer; Random copolymerization; Polythiophene; Indoor organic photovoltaics; Vertical charge transport; HOMO energy Level
- Citation
- DYES AND PIGMENTS, v.190, pp.1 - 6
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- DYES AND PIGMENTS
- Volume
- 190
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 6
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/1080
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.dyepig.2021.109292
- ISSN
- 0143-7208
- Abstract
- Organic indoor photovoltaics (OIPVs) for the development of a wireless power supplier that allows the portable operation of Internet-of-things and low-energy consumption devices have received tremendous interest. Particularly, polythiophene represented by poly(3-hexylthiophene) has been considered as a promising photoactive material for OIPVs owing to their desirable optoelectrical properties and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) that exceed Si-based PVs under low-intensity illumination. However, the polythiophene-based OIPVs suffer from an inadequate charge transporting ability in the out-of-plane direction and a low open-circuit voltage (VOC), which currently hinder the further improvement of OIPVs. Herein, we designed and synthesized a new polythiophene derivative by combining fluorination and random copolymerization strategies. The optimized polymer obtained by tuning the ratio of fluorinated and non-fluorinated bi-thiophene units showed an increased population of face-on oriented crystallites, a denser packing, and a deeper highest occupied molecule orbital energy level compared with its homopolymer analogue. The optimized polymer was also revealed to provide improved vertical charge transport than homopolymer analogue. As a result, when fabricated using the phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester as an electron-acceptor, the OIPVs with the optimized polymer showed high PCEs up to 13.4% with VOC of 0.68 V under 1000 lux white light-emitting diode illumination, which were improved values compared with the efficiencies observed in the devices with homopolymer (PCE = 5.6% and VOC = 0.57 V).
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