Emerging role of bystander T cell activation in autoimmune diseasesopen access
- Authors
- Shim, Chae-Hyeon; Cho, Sookyung; Shin, Young-Mi; Choi, Je-Min
- Issue Date
- Feb-2022
- Publisher
- KOREAN SOCIETY BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
- Keywords
- Antigen specificity; Autoimmune disease; Bystander T cell activation; Innate-like functions
- Citation
- BMB REPORTS, v.55, no.2, pp.57 - 64
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
KCI
- Journal Title
- BMB REPORTS
- Volume
- 55
- Number
- 2
- Start Page
- 57
- End Page
- 64
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/139497
- DOI
- 10.5483/BMBRep.2022.55.2.183
- ISSN
- 1976-6696
- Abstract
- Autoimmune disease is known to be caused by unregulated selfantigen-specific T cells, causing tissue damage. Although antigen specificity is an important mechanism of the adaptive immune system, antigen non-related T cells have been found in the inflamed tissues in various conditions. Bystander T cell activation refers to the activation of T cells without antigen recognition. During an immune response to a pathogen, bystander activation of self-reactive T cells via inflammatory mediators such as cytokines can trigger autoimmune diseases. Other antigen-specific T cells can also be bystander-activated to induce innate immune response resulting in autoimmune disease pathogenesis along with self-antigen-specific T cells. In this review, we summarize previous studies investigating bystander activation of various T cell types (NKT, gamma delta T cells, MAIT cells, conventional CD4+, and CD8+ T cells) and discuss the role of innate-like T cell response in autoimmune diseases. In addition, we also review previous findings of bystander T cell function in infection and cancer. A better understanding of bystander-activated T cells versus antigenstimulated T cells provides a novel insight to control autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
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