Intraocular pressure according to eye gaze by icare rebound tonometry in normal participants and glaucoma patients

Abstract

Precis: We investigated changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) according to eye gaze. IOP was significantly elevated in adduction, abduction, and supraduction. However, there was no significant difference between glaucoma and control groups.

Purpose: We assessed changes in IOP according to eye gaze and identified their correlations with various risk factors of glaucoma.

Patients and Methods: In this prospective observational study that included 56 glaucoma patients and 34 healthy participants, we measured IOP in the primary position with a Goldmann applanation tonometry and rebound tonometer. Then, this IOP was measured in abduction, adduction, supraduction using a rebound tonometer. IOP changes according to eye gaze were measured based on the baseline IOP, and IOP changes between glaucoma and the control groups were compared. Correlations between IOP changes and risk factors of glaucoma were evaluated.

Results: The baseline IOP was not significantly different between glaucoma and the control groups. Compared with the IOP in the primary position, a significant increase in IOP was 2.3±2.7 mm Hg during abduction (P<0.0001), 0.7±2.7 mm Hg during adduction (P<0.0001), and 1.2±2.8 mm Hg during supraduction (P<0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in the amount of IOP elevation or the ratio of IOP change between glaucoma and the control groups in all gazes. The baseline IOP measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry and IOP changes according to eye gaze showed a significant negative correlation in all gazes.

Conclusions: IOP was significantly elevated in adduction, abduction, and supraduction than in the primary position in both the normal and glaucoma groups. However, there was no significant difference of IOP changes between glaucoma and normal groups.