Integration of Sub-6-GHz and mm-Wave Bands With a Large Frequency Ratio for Future 5G MIMO Applicationsopen access
- Authors
- Zada, Muhammad; Shah, Izaz Ali; Yoo, Hyoung suk
- Issue Date
- Jan-2021
- Publisher
- IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
- Keywords
- Frequency reconfigurability; MIMO; mm-wave; PIN diodes; power density; smartphones; specific absorption rate; sub-6-GHz; truncated ground structure
- Citation
- IEEE ACCESS, v.9, pp.11241 - 11251
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- IEEE ACCESS
- Volume
- 9
- Start Page
- 11241
- End Page
- 11251
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/142489
- DOI
- 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3051066
- Abstract
- The integration of sub-6-GHz and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands has become an important issue for future fifth generation (5G) wireless communications owing to their large frequency ratios. This paper proposes a compact-size dual-function antenna operating at 3.5 GHz and the mm-wave band (28 GHz) for 5G mobile applications using a frequency reconfigurability technique. The proposed antenna comprises a microstrip patch linked with a meandered radiating structure through a radio frequency PIN diode to achieve frequency reconfigurability between the two bands. A significant size reduction up to 15.3 mm x 7.2 mm x 0:508 mm for the proposed antenna was achieved using a meandered line structure and truncated ground plane. To enhance the functionality, 8 x 8 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with possible long- and short-edge antenna placement configurations were demonstrated. The system exhibited satisfactory MIMO characteristics with wide decoupling -10 dB bandwidths of 7.4% and 4.8% at the low- and high-frequency bands, respectively, without utilizing any external decoupling structure. The simulated results were validated using fabricated prototypes, and good agreement was observed. Additionally, a safety analysis based on the specific absorption rate and power density at the prescribed frequency bands was conducted using a realistic human model, and the results were found to be in accordance with the safety guidelines. Owing to the integration of sub-6-GHz and mm-wave bands in a single compact structure with a large frequency ratio and good MIMO performance, the proposed antenna system is suitable for future 5G mobile handheld devices.
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