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Gain monitoring of telescope array photomultiplier cameras for the first 4 years of operation
- Authors
- Shin, BK; Tokuno, H; Tsunesada, Y; Abu-Zayyad, T; Aida, R; Allen, M; Anderson, R; Azuma, R; Barcikowski, E; Belz, JW; Bergman, DR; Blake, SA; Cady, R; Cheon, Byung Gu; Chiba, J; Chikawa, M; Cho, EJ; Cho, WR; Fujii, H; Fujii, T; Fukuda, T; Fukushima, M; Hanlon, W; Hayashi, K; Hayashi, Y; Hayashida, N; Hibino, K; Hiyama, K; Honda, K; Iguchi, T; Ikeda, D; Ikuta, K; Inoue, N; Ishii, T; Ishimori, R; Ivanov, D; Iwamoto, S; Jui, CCH; Kadota, K; Kakimoto, F; Kalashev, O; Kanbe, T; Kasahara, K; Kawai, H; Kawakami, S; Kawana, S; Kido, E; Kim, HB; Kim, HK; Kim, JH; Kim, JH; Kitamoto, K; Kitamura, S; Kitamura, Y; Kobayashi, K; Kobayashi, Y; Kondo, Y; Kuramoto, K; Kuzmin, V; Kwon, YJ; Lim, SI; Machida, S; Martens, K; Martineau, J; Matsuda, T; Matsuura, T; Matsuyama, T; Matthews, JN; Myers, I; Minamino, M; Miyata, K; Murano, Y; Nagasawa, K; Nagataki, S; Nakamura, T; Nam, SW; Nonaka, T; Ogio, S; Ohnishi, M; Ohoka, H; Oki, K; Oku, D; Okuda, T; Oshima, A; Ozawa, S; Park, IH; Pshirkov, MS; Rodriguez, DC; Roh, SY; Rubtsov, G; Ryu, D; Sagawa, H; Sakurai, N; Sampson, AL; Scott, LM; Shah, PD; Shibata, F; Shibata, T; Shimodaira, H; Shin, JI; Shirahama, T; Smith, JD; Sokolsky, P; Sonley, TJ; Springer, RW; Stokes, BT; Stratton, SR; Stroman, T; Suzuki, S; Takahashi, Y; Takeda, M; Taketa, A; Takita, M; Tameda, Y; Tanaka, H; Tanaka, K; Tanaka, M; Thomas, SB; Thomson, GB; Tinyakov, P; Tkachev, I; Tomida, T; Troitsky, S; Tsutsumi, K; Tsuyuguchi, Y; Uchihori, Y; Udo, S; Ukai, H; Vasiloff, G; Wada, Y; Wong, T; Wood, M; Yamakawa, Y; Yamane, R; Yamaoka, H; Yamazaki, K.; Yang, J; Yoneda, Y; Yoshida, S; Yoshii, H; Zhou, X; Zollinger, R; Zundel, Z
- Issue Date
- Dec-2014
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER
- Keywords
- Ultra-high energy cosmic rays; Air fluorescence telescope; Calibration of photomultiplier
- Citation
- NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, v.768, pp.96 - 103
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Volume
- 768
- Start Page
- 96
- End Page
- 103
- ISSN
- 0168-9002
- Abstract
- The stability of the gain of the photomultiplier (PMT) camera for the Fluorescence Defector (FD) of the Telescope Array experiment was monitored using an Am-241 loaded scintillator pulsers (YAP) and a diffused xenon flasher (TXF) for a selected set of 35 PMT-readout channels. From the monitoring of YAP pulses over four years of FD operation, we found slow monotonic drifts of PMT gains at a rate of -1.7 similar to +1.7%/year. An average of the PMT gains over the 35 channels stayed nearly constant with a rate of change measured at -0.01 +/- 0.31(stat) +/- 0.21(sys)%/year. No systematic decrease of the PMT gain caused by the night sky background was observed. Monitoring by the TXF also tracked the PMT gain drift of the YAP at 0.88 +/- 0.14(stat)%/year.
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Related Researcher
- Kim, Hang Bae
- COLLEGE OF NATURAL SCIENCES (DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS)