우리나라 환경산업의 상대적 지역경쟁력 제고 요인 분석

Abstract

본 연구는 지역별로 환경산업의 상대적 경쟁력의 차이를 가져오는 요인을 밝혀내는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2007-2014년 전국사업체조사 자료를 활용하여 시군구별 환경산업의 상대적 경쟁력을 산업군별(제조업, 건설업, 유통업, 서비스업)로 산출하고공간적 분포패턴을 분석하였다. 환경산업의 상대적 경쟁력에 영향요인을 분석에는 관련 선행연구를 검토하여 경제 환경, 지자체정책, 규제 환경, 지역 특성 등 범주별로 설명변수를 포함시켰다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 지방정부의 지역 특성에 맞는 환경산업 육성 방안과 나아가 환경산업 기반의 지역경제 성장 전략 수립에 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

This study explores the factors that influence the growth of environmental industries at the municipal level in South Korea. We employed shift-share analysis to identify the effect of local competitive advantage on the growth of environmental industries between 2007 and 2014. This study used both the Census on Establishments and publicly available secondary data at the municipal level (city, county, or district) across the nation. This study measures standardized local competitiveness in environmental industries as a whole as well as four sub-sectors: manufacturing, construction, wholesale and trade, and service. Using descriptive analysis and regression models, this study considers municipal governments’ expenditures, investment, industrial complex, and regulatory effort as primary explanatory variables for promoting environmental industries. This study also includes local characteristics such as economic conditions and urbanization variables in the model. Analysis results indicate that the local relative competitiveness of environmental industries varies among municipalities as well as across four industrial subsectors. This study also shows some limitations of government-initiated policies to promote local environmental industries. Environmental industries can be a driving force for job creation in small and medium municipalities. In order to attract environmental industries, it is necessary to provide appropriate policy support upon industrial and regional characteristics.