Donor-site morbidities in 615 patients after breast reconstruction using a free muscle-sparing type I transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap: a single surgeon experience

Abstract

Transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap is one of the most commonly used reconstruction tools after oncological mastectomy. However, post-operative donor-site morbidities remain an issue to be addressed. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed patients with either immediate or delayed breast reconstruction using a free muscle-sparing type I transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap only, performed by a single surgeon, regarding the donor-site morbidity. From January 2012 to July 2017, the study subjects summed up to 615 patients, in a single institution. Preoperative planning and actual surgical techniques were outlined including the evaluation of the location of the perforators using a three-dimensional abdominal computed tomography angiography scan, minimal fascia sacrifice, beveled dissection and minimization of the tension on the central abdomen during closure. During a 1-year follow-up, a total of 33 patients (5.4%) were complicated with any donor-site morbidity. Those in need of secondary revision on their donor-sites accounted for 23 patients (69.7%). No factor was found statistically significant to increase the risk of donor-site morbidity. Many surgical techniques have been devised for closure of the donor-site in transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap patients. And, several factors have been proposed as increasing the risk of donor-site morbidity. Although all the suggested predictive factors failed to prove its significance on increasing the risk, a set of preoperative planning and surgical techniques employed in our study has proven to be both safe and efficient in lowering the postoperative donor-site morbidities.