Location-based parameterization of CSEM data inversion for the monitoring of hydraulic fracturing with magnetically enhanced proppants

Abstract

We developed a particle mapping (PM) method which optimizes the location of each particle using a priori information on the susceptibility-volume product as a constraint. This PM method was applied to the imaging of magnetically enhanced proppants for hydraulic fracturing monitoring. In addition, the regularization method which adopts a fuzzy clustering method was suggested to incorporate geometries of fracture sets derived from micro-seismic interpretation. Conducting numerical experiments for a model simulating propped fracture sets, the PM inversion provided clear and intrinsically interpretable imaging results for the propped volume.