스마트폰 과다사용과 관련 있는 유아 개인 변인 연구

Abstract

This study aimed to identify kindergartener intra-individual variables related to smartphone overuse. Based on previous findings in the addiction literature and related theoretical explanations, this study focused on kindergartener gender, age at the time of first smartphone use, smartphone proficiency, four temperaments (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependency, persistence), and length of time using the smartphone for three different purposes (weekly smartphone use for learning, for streaming, and for gaming) and examined the relationships between these variables and kindergarteners’ smartphone overuse scores. For this purpose, the study asked mothers of 5-year-old children in Seoul and Gyunggi areas to complete questionnaires. A total of 234 mother-reported data pertaining to 97 boys (41.5%) and 137 girls (58.5%) entered into analyses. All the kindergarteners analyzed were reported to have experiences using the smartphone. Correlation analyses demonstrated smartphone overuse to be correlated positively with novelty seeking, smartphone use for gaming and for streaming, smartphone proficiency, harm avoidance and reward dependence, and negatively with persistence and age of first smartphone use. Stepwise multiple regression analysis found that 6 (novelty seeking, smartphone use for gaming, smartphone proficiency, smartphone use for streaming, harm avoidance, and age of first smartphone use) out of a total of 10 kindergartener variables significantly predicted kindergartener smartphone overuse scores. Clinical implications of these research findings and recommendations for future study were discussed.