우즈베키스탄의 노동이주와 송금: 현황과 사회경제적 영향

Abstract

It can be argued that migration and remittances in Uzbekistan have played a positive role for reducing the poverty of the country, but they have exerted no such role for eliminating social inequalities and income gap in the community. Considering the question whether remittances have made a positive influence on the Uzbekistan’s economic development, they have made somewhat positive or indefinite functions by cases. In light of theory and practice, it is appropriate to argue that the migration-development nexus in Uzbekistan can only be understood and explained by examining contextual factors. Thus, the development potential of rural Uzbekistan can be maximized as long as one can offer rationally designed institutions based on regional peculiarities. While migration and remittances often might be considerable blessings for individuals, households and communities, they are no panacea for solving more structural development problems. If state of Uzbekistan fail to implement general social and economic reform, migration and remittances are unlikely to contribute to nationwide sustainable development. Therefore, in order to enhance the contribution that migration and remittances can make for the development of Uzbekistan, it is necessary to implement policies aimed at increasing people’s welfare, creating functioning markets, improving social security and public services such as health and education.