Enhancement of quaternary nitrogen doping of graphene oxide via chemical reduction prior to thermal annealing and an investigation of its electrochemical properties
- Authors
- Huan, Tran Ngoc; Khai, Tran Van; Kang, Youngjong; Shim, Kwang Bo; Chung, Hoeil
- Issue Date
- Aug-2012
- Publisher
- ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, v.22, no.29, pp.14756 - 14762
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
- Volume
- 22
- Number
- 29
- Start Page
- 14756
- End Page
- 14762
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/164959
- DOI
- 10.1039/c2jm31158e
- ISSN
- 0959-9428
- Abstract
- A simple and efficient method to enhance the quaternary nitrogen doping (N-doping) of graphene has been demonstrated. Recent studies have shown that quaternary N in the graphene network provides more efficient electrocatalytic activity. Therefore, a novel strategy to enhance the quaternary N-doping is currently in high demand. The strategy employed in this work was to modify graphene oxide (GO) prior to thermal annealing so as to provide a more efficient structure for quaternary N doping. GO was first chemically reduced with hydrazine to substantially increase the formation of C = C bonds and simultaneously decrease the atomic oxygen concentration. The reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was then annealed in the presence of NH3. Although N-doping via the replacement of oxygen is preferred, the probability of carbon being substituted with N dopants in the graphitic structure of RGO could increase due to the relatively higher content of C = C when compared to the atomic oxygen concentration. In addition, due to the decreased atomic oxygen concentration, the electro-conductivity was enhanced. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of 5 mM K3Fe(CN)(6) and 2 mM H2O2 were used to examine the electrochemical response of the quaternary N-maximized RGO. An improvement in electrocatalytic reduction and a higher electro-conductivity were confirmed based on an analysis of the obtained CVs.
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