High-Energy Ni-Rich Cathode Materials for Long-Range and Long-Life Electric Vehicles
- Authors
- Namkoong, Been; Park, Nam-Yung; Park, Geon-Tae; Shin, Ji-Yong; Beierling, Thorsten; Yoon, Chong S.; Sun, Yang-Kook
- Issue Date
- Jun-2022
- Publisher
- WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
- Keywords
- boron doping; exposure time; microcracks; microstructure; Ni-rich layered cathodes; rod shape
- Citation
- ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS, v.12, no.21, pp.1 - 9
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
- Volume
- 12
- Number
- 21
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 9
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/170123
- DOI
- 10.1002/aenm.202200615
- ISSN
- 1614-6832
- Abstract
- Li-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles (EVs) are usually operated intermittently and maintained at high states of charge (SoCs) for long periods. Because the internal particles of Ni-rich cathodes are easily exposed to the electrolyte at high SoCs owing to mechanical instability, the electrolyte exposure time-during which highly reactive Ni4+ ions react with the electrolyte-critically affects the degradation of the cathode. Here, 1 mol% B doping of a core-shell concentration gradient (CSG) Li[Ni0.88Co0.10Al0.02]O-2 cathode (CSG-NCA88) is shown to dramatically alter the microstructure of the cathode and effectively protect the particle interior from parasitic electrolyte attack. The B-doped CSG-NCA88 cathode, CSG-NCAB87, maintains its original microstructure even after holding for 500 h in the fully charged state, whereas irreversible structural damage occurs in the pristine CSG-NCA88 cathode during the prolonged electrolyte exposure. The long-term cycling results confirm that the capacity retention of the cathodes is determined by the electrolyte exposure time at a high SoC and that microstructural modification can effectively suppress the time-dependent degradation from electrolyte attack. The proposed CSG-NCAB87 cathode can be utilized at full capacity without restricting the SoC, thus realizing the development of economical high-energy-density LIBs.
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