Toxic Gas-Free Synthesis of Extremely Negative Triboelectric Sulfur Copolymer Blends Via Phase Separation of Fluorine-Rich Polymers
- Authors
- Choi, Jinhyeok; Won, Sukyoung; Yoon, Hyeok Jun; Lee, Jong Hyeok; Jang, Hye Woon; Jeon, Jisoo; Kim, A. Young; Park, Sang Hyeok; Youk, Ji Ho; Lee, Minbaek; Wie, Jeong Jae
- Issue Date
- Feb-2022
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER
- Keywords
- Triboelectric nanogenerator; Sulfur copolymer; Polymer blending; Phase separation; Fluorinated surface
- Citation
- NANO ENERGY, v.92
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- NANO ENERGY
- Volume
- 92
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/189257
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106761
- ISSN
- 2211-2855
- Abstract
- Recently, we reported surface fluorination of sulfur-based polymers to introduce a new class of extremely negative triboelectric material. However, the direct surface fluorination requires the use of toxic fluorine gas. In this study, we report the toxic gas-free synthesis of extremely negative triboelectric sulfur-rich polymers via the phase separation of a fluorine-rich polymer, poly(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) (PPFS), from sulfur copolymers. PPFS was physically mixed in situ during the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur, a by-product of petroleum refining to prepare the polymer blends. Hot pressing of the blends into films induced the phase separation of the hydrophobic PPFS; subsequently, PPFS migrates to the hydrophobic air interface to minimize the interfacial energy. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on the phase separated blend films presented long-term stable voltage and current outputs that are 8-fold and 9-fold higher, respectively, than those of a TENG based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a well-known extremely negative triboelectric polymer. We also demonstrate the ability of a TENG based on an 81.1 cm(2)-sized blend film to power 400 series-connected blue LEDs of 3.3 V; a triboelectric open-circuit voltage output of 1362.4 V is obtained under a minimal force of 30 N. The demonstrated phase-separation strategy for fluorine-rich polymers will thus provide insights for achieving low-cost, environment-friendly, and high-performance triboelectric energy harvesting.
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