Fermented Kamut Sprout Extract Decreases Cell Cytotoxicity and Increases the Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammation Effectopen access
- Authors
- Ki, Hosam; Baek, Jun-Seok; Hawkes, Hye-Jin Kim; Kim, Young Soo; Yeon Hwang, Kwang
- Issue Date
- May-2023
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- kamut sprouts; anti-oxidant; fermentation; cytotoxicity studies
- Citation
- FOODS, v.12, no.11, pp.1 - 16
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- FOODS
- Volume
- 12
- Number
- 11
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 16
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/190212
- DOI
- 10.3390/foods12112107
- ISSN
- 2304-8158
- Abstract
- Kamut sprouts (KaS) contain several biologically active compounds. In this study, solid-state fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Latilactobacillus sakei was used to ferment KaS (fKaS-ex) for 6 days. The fKaS-ex showed a 26.3 mg/g dried weight (dw) and 46.88 mg/g dw of polyphenol and the beta-glucan contents, respectively. In the Raw264.7 and HaCaT cell lines, the non-fermented KaS (nfKaS-ex) decreased cell viability from 85.3% to 62.1% at concentrations of 0.63 and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Similarly, the fKaS-ex decreased cell viability, but showed more than 100% even at 1.25 and 5.0 mg/mL concentrations, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effect of fKaS-ex also increased. At 600 mu g/mL, the fKaS-ex exhibited a significantly higher ability to reduce cytotoxicity by suppressing COX-2 and IL-6 mRNA expressions as well as that for IL-1 beta mRNA. In summary, fKaS-ex exhibited significantly lower cytotoxicity and increased anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, indicating that fKaS-ex is beneficial for use in food and other industries.
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