사정변경에 의한 계약 해지 시 손해배상제도에 대한 개선안 제안

Abstract

사회적 변화와 COVID-19, 전쟁 등 불가항력 사건으로 인한 급격한 가격 상승은 건설 계약에 영향을 미치며, 재정적 손실과 분쟁을 증가시켰다. 이와 관련해 건설 계약 일반조건 제45조의 사정 변경의 원칙이 계약 종료의 근거로 주목받고 있으나, 법적 해석의 명확성과 보상 범위에 대한 우려가 있다. 본 연구는 국내외 사례를 비교 분석해 사정 변경 조건과 보상 기준을 명확히 설정할 것을 제안하며, 특히 간접비 해석의 차이를 줄이고 현장 관리비와 인건비 보상을 확대할 수 있다. 이를 통해 분쟁 예방과 계약 공정성 증진을 기대할 수 있다

Social changes and sharp price increases caused by force majeure events such as COVID-19 and wars have significantly impactedconstruction contracts, leading to increasing financial losses and disputes. In this context, the "principle of changed circumstances" outlined inArticle 45 of the General Conditions of the Construction Contract has emerged as a basis for contract termination. However, concerns remainregarding the clarity of its legal interpretation and the scope of compensation. This study employs an interdependent methodology and caseanalysis to compare domestic and international laws and precedents, proposing revisions to construction contract regulations based on expertreviews. The findings reveal that while the application of the principle of changed circumstances remains cautious in both domestic andinternational legal frameworks, efforts to reduce disputes and enhance fairness among contracting parties are expanding. Notably, significantdiscrepancies were identified in the interpretation of indirect costs incurred during project suspension. However, it was found that expandedcompensation for costs such as site management and labor expenses is feasible. Based on these findings, this study proposes clarifyingconditions for changed circumstances and compensation criteria during the early stages of contracts to prevent disputes and enhance equity. These proposed improvements are expected to strengthen shared responsibilities between clients and contractors and contribute to thesustainability of the construction ecosystem.