Conceptualization and Measurement of Happy Travel Experiences Using Hedonic, Eudaimonic, and Engagement Aspects

Abstract

The ultimate value of travel lies in the experience of happiness. However, most tourism research has focused on cognitive satisfaction or meaningful travel experiences, which has led to a lack of understanding of the nature of happy travel experiences. This study conceptualizes happy travel experiences in terms of their hedonic, eudaimonic, and engagement aspects, and develops a multi-dimensional scale that can directly measure such experiences. In Study 1, to measure these characteristics, we developed the FASS model, which consists of freedom, achievement, social, and serendipity experiences. In Study 2, the scale was developed using three extensive surveys. The results of the nomological network analyses confirmed that the developed scale predicted the outcomes of happy travel experiences. According to the results, destination managers need to create travel programs for a true escape, integrating mission activities for a sense of accomplishment. Unexpected gifts or events from destinations would also make travelers happy.