Exploring the cytotoxicity and DNA binding studies of green synthesized europium stannate nanoparticle through experimental and computational approach

Abstract

The attention that green synthesized nanoparticles are receiving is owing to their unique biological benefits as well as the physiologically active plant secondary metabolites that support green synthesis. This work reports on the facile, ecofriendly and reliable synthesis of europium stannate (Eu2Sn2O7) nanoparticles utilizing pseudo-stem aqueous extract of Musa paradisiaca. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are greatly impacted by the interactions between drug molecules and DNA as DNA is the primary target of many pharmacological medicines. Therefore, we have investigated the cytotoxic activity and ct-DNA binding of Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles. Using the MTT test, the cytotoxic potential of Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles was assessed against A549 and HepG2 cancer cell lines. The results of the cytotoxicity study indicate that the Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles exhibits improved safety toward normal WI-38 cells and has potential anti-cancer activity, with IC50 values of 24.19 and 30.47 μg/mL against the A549 and HepG2 cell lines, respectively. Using circular dichroism, cyclic voltammetry, UV–vis, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, viscosity, and circular dichroism, we have examined the molecular interaction between Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles and ct-DNA under physiological conditions. This is the first time that a Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles has been demonstrated to binding with ct-DNA, as far as we are aware. These studies showed that a groove manner of binding between the Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles and ct-DNA existed. Furthermore, utilizing molecular docking simulations, the binding ability of Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles with ct-DNA was examined. The outcomes are consistent with the experimental evidence, which shows that hydrogen bonding interactions bind the Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles to the ct-DNA groove. In a nutshell this information can be utilized to enhance the comprehension of the pharmacological impacts of Eu2Sn2O7 nanoparticles in the future.