Microstructure-Controlled Ni-Rich Cathode Material by Microscale Compositional Partition for Next-Generation Electric Vehicles
- Authors
- Kim, Un-Hyuck; Ryu, Hoon-Hee; Kim, Jae-Hyung; Mucke, Robert; Kaghazchi, Payam; Yoon, Chong S.; Sun, Yang-Kook
- Issue Date
- Apr-2019
- Publisher
- WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
- Keywords
- concentration gradient cathodes; microstructural control; multifunctional cathodes; Ni-rich layered Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O-2; rational design
- Citation
- ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS, v.9, no.15, pp.1 - 11
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
- Volume
- 9
- Number
- 15
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 11
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/2924
- DOI
- 10.1002/aenm.201803902
- ISSN
- 1614-6832
- Abstract
- A multicompositional particulate Li[Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05]O-2 cathode in which Li[Ni0.94Co0.038Mn0.022]O-2 at the particle center is encapsulated by a 1.5 mu m thick concentration gradient (CG) shell with the outermost surface composition Li[Ni0.841Co0.077Mn0.082]O-2 is synthesized using a differential coprecipitation process. The microscale compositional partitioning at the particle level combined with the radial texturing of the refined primary particles in the CG shell layer protracts the detrimental H2 -> H3 phase transition, causing sharp changes in the unit cell dimensions. This protraction, confirmed by in situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, allows effective dissipation of the internal strain generated upon the H2 -> H3 phase transition, markedly improving cycling performance and thermochemical stability as compared to those of the conventional single-composition Li[Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05]O-2 cathodes. The compositionally partitioned cathode delivers a discharge capacity of 229 mAh g(-1) and exhibits capacity retention of 88% after 1000 cycles in a pouch-type full cell (compared to 68% for the conventional cathode). Thus, the proposed cathode material provides an opportunity for the rational design and development of a wide range of multifunctional cathodes, especially for Ni-rich Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O-2 cathodes, by compositionally partitioning the cathode particles and thus optimizing the microstructural response to the internal strain produced in the deeply charged state.
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