MASKED HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE AND ITS RELATED FACTOR FROM TWO RURAL POPULATION SITES IN KOREA

Abstract

Objective: Conventional measurement of blood pressure (BP) in office in individual patient has several limitations, so some patients delayed drug treatment. As the masked hypertension (MHT), the BP in the office was < 140/90 mmHg, while daytime average BP was ≥ 135/85 mmHg in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) detection. And MHT carries an adverse prognosis, both in terms of increased target organ damage and cardiovascular events. So we performed this study to estimate the prevalence of masked hypertension in rural sites and its determinants and association.

Design and Method: A total of 257 subjects were selected from Yeojoo and Yangpyeong in two rural sites in Korea. All participants didn’t take antihypertensive medication. Those subjects both measurement casual BP and daytime average BP. The casual BP measurement using automatic device Omron 907 HEM and daytime average BP using TM2430, A&D. And we defined MHT as a normal casual BP < 140/90 mmHg and a daytime average BP ≥ 135/85 mmHg by ABPM device. The normal BP (NBP) was defined normal casual BP < 140/90 mmHg and daytime average BP < 135/85 mmHg. The sustained hypertension (SHT) was defined a causal BP > 140/90 mmHg and a daytime average BP ≥ 135/85 mmHg.

Results: The NBP was 117 people (45.5%), MHT was 81 people (31.5%) and SHT is 47 people (18.2%). In the age, NBP group was 50.32 ± 9.13; MHT group was 53.81 ± 11.11 and SHT group was 52.81 ± 9.61. In the body mass index (BMI) distribution (p = 0.065), NBP group was 24.0 ± 3.0; 24.3 ± 2.8, and 25.2 ± 2.9 kg/m2 for NBP, MHT, and SHT, respectively. The pulse pressure (PP) were 40.7 ± 8.4, 42.5 ± 7.9, and 54.7 ± 13.4 mmHg, for NBP, MHT, and SHT groups respectively (p < 0.001). In a multiple logistic regression analysis for MHT versus SHT, age (OR = 0.930[0.877, 0.986], p = 0.015), sex (OR = 0.274[0.098,0.767], p = 0.014), PP (OR = 1.171[1.103,1.243], p < 0.0001) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.057[1.021,9.153], p = 0.046) were statistically significant factors.

Conclusions: In two rural sites population, approximately one-third of participants with MHT. Younger male, wider pulse pressure and metabolic syndrome as an independent risk factor for MHT.