Highly efficient white organic Light-Emitting diodes utilizing intermolecular interaction based on molecular geometry between host and deep blue Pt(Ⅱ) complex

Abstract

Previous studies on white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) using a single Pt dopant relied on square-planar Pt complexes, exhibiting various emission characteristics due to ligand-centered π-π interactions. However, this approach limits the range of the materials selections to those with excimer or aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. In this study, a new method for creating WOLEDs with a single Pt dopant is proposed. We observed the emergence of an intermolecular interaction, specifically the formation of an exciplex due to π-π interaction between the n-host (ET) and the Pt complex, leading to a low-energy yellow emission. By varying the mixing ratio of ET and Pt complex, a spectrum of emissions ranging from pure blue to yellow was achievable. Consequently, we constructed 3-stack tandem devices, leveraging color variations based on the ET:Pt ratio. As a result, we successfully achieved a cool white emission with a Color Rendering Index (CRI) of 66.7, International Commission on Illumination (CIE) coordinates of (0.294, 0.380). Additionally, through optimization of the device structure, external quantum efficiency (EQE) was enhanced from 18.3% to 21.9%. This novel and simple device architecture adjusting intermolecular interaction based on molecular geometry between ET and Pt(II) complex provides a solution to materials limitations in WOLEDs. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.