Data-Driven Modeling and Optimal Control of Hydrogen Energy Storage for Frequency Regulation
- Authors
- Lee, Gi-Ho; Park, Jae-Young; Ban, Jaepil; Kim, Young-Jin; Catalao, Joao P. S.
- Issue Date
- Jun-2023
- Publisher
- IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
- Keywords
- Load modeling; Hydrogen; Power system dynamics; Analytical models; Fuel cells; Real-time systems; Energy storage; Data-driven model; distributed generators; frequency regulation; hydrogen energy storage; microgrid; model predictive control
- Citation
- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, v.38, no.2, pp 1231 - 1245
- Pages
- 15
- Journal Title
- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
- Volume
- 38
- Number
- 2
- Start Page
- 1231
- End Page
- 1245
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/kumoh/handle/2020.sw.kumoh/21820
- DOI
- 10.1109/TEC.2022.3221165
- ISSN
- 0885-8969
1558-0059
- Abstract
- Hydrogen energy storage (HES) has attracted renewed interest as a means to enhance the flexibility of power balancing to achieve the goal of a low-carbon grid. This paper presents an innovative data-driven HES model that reflects the interactive operations of an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, and hydrogen tanks. A model predictive control strategy is then developed, in which HES units support the frequency regulation (FR) of a microgrid (MG). In the proposed strategy, an MG-level controller is designed to optimize power sharing, to allow the HES units to respond quickly to power supply-and-demand imbalances, while distributed generators compensate for any remaining imbalance. The MG-level controller cooperates with the HES-level controllers, which change the operating modes and override the FR supports based on the hydrogen levels. Small-signal analysis is conducted to evaluate the contribution and sensitivity of the FR supports. Comparative case studies are also carried out, wherein HES model accuracy is verified and a hardware-in-the-loop simulation is implemented. The results of the small-signal analysis and case studies confirm that the proposed strategy is effective for reducing frequency deviations under various MG conditions, characterized by the net load demand, line congestion, plug-and-play, model parameters, and communication time delays.
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Collections - School of Electronic Engineering > 1. Journal Articles
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