산업용 로봇에 관한 인간공학적 요구사항 고찰

Abstract

Objective: This study identifies the critical ergonomic requirements and their hierarchical structures that need to be addressed during the evolution from traditional industrial robots to collaborative robots. It also delves into how the relative importance of each user requirement changes with the evolution of technology. Background: User-centered design is becoming increasingly crucial as technological advancements enable industrial robot systems to perform diverse and complex interactions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify how the characteristics of user needs change as technology advances. Method: We conducted a systematic literature review, selecting 30 articles using the PRISMA method to identify ergonomic requirements. We then mapped the user requirements to quality characteristics and found the frequencies. Subsequently, we carried out Chi-square tests to determine if there were significant differences in the frequency of occurrences for the user requirements over time. Results: The literature review identified 17 user requirements. Our findings revealed that the frequency of quality characteristics mentioned related to usability and enjoyment increases with the advancement of robotics technology. However, all the hypotheses we formulated to show the relationship between the evolving importance of each user requirement and technology maturity were found to be invalid statistically. Conclusion: As the level of collaboration of industrial robots evolves, the importance of user requirements is changing. In the past, factors like functionality, performance, and safety were the primary focus, but as technology advances, user requirements related to usability and enjoyment gain greater importance. Therefore, these attributes should be integrated into the development phase for a user-centered design approach in the future of collaborative robot systems. Application: Our work provides insight to developers into the user requirements that should be considered for effective interactions between humans and collaborative robots. Through this study, we hope to see collaborative robots developed with a direction of improving the user experience and increasing overall user acceptance.