Fabrication and Characterization of 3D Printed PGA Scaffolds Immobilized with BMP-2 for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

This study focused on immobilizing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) onto a 3D-printed poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) scaffold to develop a biodegradable scaffold for continuous bone formation stimulation in bone tissue engineering. BMP-2 immobilization was achieved using the UV irradiation method and confirmed through ATR-FTIR and XPS analyses. The scaffold's structure, hydrolytic degradation behavior, and in vitro cell viability were analyzed. Furthermore, the BMP-2 release behavior and calcification performance of the scaffold were evaluated for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. Results from in vivo animal model experiments and histological analyses demonstrated that the BMP-2 immobilized PGA scaffold exhibited superior bone tissue regeneration ability compared to the control group. And, It suggests potential as a scaffold in bone tissue engineering.