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Fabrication of thrombin loaded TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber-gelatin sponges and their hemostatic behavior in rat liver hemorrhage model

Authors
Ibne Mahbub, Md SowaibSultana, TamannaGwon, Jae-GyoungLee, Byong-Taek
Issue Date
Mar-2022
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Keywords
TEMPO-oxidized nano cellulose; gelatin; thrombin; hemostat
Citation
Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, v.33, no.4, pp 499 - 516
Pages
18
Journal Title
Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition
Volume
33
Number
4
Start Page
499
End Page
516
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/sch/handle/2021.sw.sch/20763
DOI
10.1080/09205063.2021.1992877
ISSN
0920-5063
1568-5624
Abstract
Excessive blood loss due to trauma or major surgical intervention can be life threatening which necessitates rapid hemorrhage management for the prevention of such bleeding related sufferings. Broad interest in developing new hemostatic technologies have been paid for bleeding control but none of them found completely satisfactory especially in terms of rapid clotting, absorbability, porosity, cost effectiveness and safety. To address these issues, a combination of active and passive hemostatic materials from biological sources could be a wise choice. Therefore, plant-derived TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose (TOCN)/biopolymer gelatin (G) sponge was successfully prepared in co-operation with intrinsic blood coagulation enzyme thrombin (Th) via freeze drying method and their application as rapid hemostatic dressing was investigated. Morphological and in vitro characteristics of the samples were evaluated where uniformity, porosity, swelling, degradation behavior had direct relationship with the percent gelatin incorporation. In vitro hemocompatibility and cyto-compatibility of these sponges were confirmed as well. Among the samples, TOCN 2.5G-Th sponge exhibited excellent hemostatic effect, rapid absorbability, minimum clotting time (1.37 +/- 0.152 min) and reduction of blood loss was ensured through rat liver punch biopsy model. The results demonstrated that, Th enhanced blood coagulation, platelet and red blood cell aggregation following application of biopolymer TOCN 2.5G-Th sponge compared with samples devoid of Th. In short, the functional, cost effective and nontoxic sponge developed via facile preparation could potentially be used as an absorbable biomaterial to achieve immediate hemostasis.
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