Effects of Stocking Density on Stress, Hematological Responses, and Growth of Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of stocking density on juvenile Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii (average weight = 12 g) in terms of stress, hematological responses, and growth performance during a 4-month growth trial in a flow-through system. The initial stocking densities were 1.3 kg/m(3) (low), 1.8 kg/m(3) (medium), and 2.3 kg/m(3) (high), and the final densities were 4.9 kg/m(3) (low), 5.6 kg/m(3) (medium), and 6.3 kg/m(3) (high). At the end of the trial, the high stocking density significantly affected growth characteristics, levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1, and hematological indices (hematocrit, red blood cell count, and hemoglobin level) compared to the medium and low stocking densities. The plasma cortisol and immunoglobulin-M levels were significantly higher at the high density than at the other two densities. Taken together, while the low and medium stocking densities (final densities of up to 5.6 kg/m(3)) did not affect stress and hematological indices or growth, the high stocking density (final density of 6.3 kg/m(3)) significantly impacted those variables, which suggests an allostatic load at that density. Thus, the use of a final stocking density less than 6.3 kg/m(3) should be considered to avoid compromising the stress and health condition and growth of Black Rockfish at this size and temperature range.