In silico identification, characterization and expression analysis of attacin gene family in response to bacterial and fungal pathogens in Tenebrio molitor
- Authors
- Jo, Yong Hun; Park, Soyi; Park, Ki Beom; Noh, Mi Young; Cho, Jun Ho; Ko, Hye Jin; Kim, Chang Eun; Patnaik, Bharat Bhusan; Kim, Jin; Won, Ran; Bang, In Seok; Lee, Yong Seok; Han, Yeon Soo
- Issue Date
- Jan-2018
- Publisher
- 한국곤충학회
- Keywords
- antimicrobial peptide; attacin; expression patterns; in silico analysis; Tenebrio molitor
- Citation
- Entomological Research, v.48, no.1, pp 45 - 54
- Pages
- 10
- Journal Title
- Entomological Research
- Volume
- 48
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 45
- End Page
- 54
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/sch/handle/2021.sw.sch/6334
- DOI
- 10.1111/1748-5967.12287
- ISSN
- 1748-5967
1748-5967
- Abstract
- Antimicrobial peptides are effector molecules induced after microbial challenges. These form important components of innate host defense against the pathogens by exhibiting wide-spectrum antimicrobial activities. In this study, we identified three attacin-like genes from Tenebrio molitor RNASeq database using Tribolium castaneum attacin gene family as query. The T. molitor attacin gene family was annotated as TmAttacin-1a [comprising of 154 amino acids (aa)], TmAttacin-1b (150 aa) and TmAttacin-2 (164 aa), respectively. Temporal expression analysis shows that the TmAttacin-1a and -1b mRNAs are highly expressed in late larval stages, followed by a general decline in the pre-pupal stages. The mRNA level shows a decline during metamorphosis, and gets slightly overexpressed in pupal-adult transition stages. On the other hand, TmAttacin-2 is mainly overexpressed at 1-day old pupal stage. Spatial expression analysis indicates that TmAttacin-1a, -1b, and -2 mRNAs are primarily expressed in gut and fat body, but not in hemocytes and Malpighian tubules in T. molitor larvae. Interestingly, TmAttacin-1b shows more than 20-fold expression in the ovary, whereas TmAttacin-1a and -2 show similar expression patterns in gut, fat body, hemocyte, ovary, and testis in T. molitor adults. Induction pattern analysis demonstrates that the intracellular Gram-positive bacteria, L. monocytogenes elicited the strongest response by inducing similar to 1,000-fold expression of TmAttacin-1a mRNA. The highest level of TmAttacin-1b mRNA (similar to 350-fold) was induced by Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli. However, the TmAttacin-2 transcripts were not induced by microbial challenges. These results indicate that TmAttacin-1a and -1b may be required for antimicrobial defenses in T. molitor.
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