Optimal Radial Motor Nerve Conduction Study Using Ultrasound in Healthy Adults

Abstract

Objective To obtain reference values, to suggest optimal recording and stimulation site for radial motor nerve conduction study (RmNCS), and to analyze the correlation among RmNCS parameters, demographics and ultrasonography (US) findings. Methods A total of 55 volunteers participated in this study. We hypothesized that 'lateral edge of spiral groove (A)' was the optimal stimulation site, and the 'largest cross-sectional area (CSA) of extensor indicis proprius (EIP) muscle (B)' was the optimal recording site. The surface distance between 'A' and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus divided by upper arm length, was named the spiral groove ratio. The surface distance between 'B' and the ulnar styloid process divided by forearm length, was named the EIP ratio. Using US, we identified these sites, and further conducted RmNCS. Results Data was collected from 100 arms of the 55 volunteers. Mean amplitude and latency were 5.7+/-1.1 mV and 5.7+/-0.5 ms, respectively, at the spiral groove, and velocity between elbow and spiral groove was 73.7+/-7.0 m/s. RmNCS parameters correlated significantly with height, weight, arm length, and CSA of the EIP muscle. Spiral groove ratio and EIP ratio were 0.338+/-0.03 and 0.201+/-0.03, respectively; both values were almost the same, regardless of age, sex and handedness. Conclusion We established a reference value and standardized method of RmNCS using US. Optimal RmNCS can be conducted by placing the recording electrode 20% (about one-fifth) of forearm length from the ulnar styloid process, and stimulating at 34% (about one-third) of the humeral length from the lateral epicondyle.