A Prospective, Comparative Study of the Pain of Local Anesthesia Using 2% Lidocaine, 2% Lidocaine With Epinephrine, and 2% Lidocaine With Epinephrine-Bupivicaine Mixture for Eyelid Surgery
- Authors
- Han, Jung-woo; Nah, Seung Kwan; Lee, Sang Yeul; Kim, Chang Yeom; Yoon, Jin Sook; Jang, Sun Young
- Issue Date
- Mar-2017
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ltd.
- Keywords
- Epinephrine seemed to increase subjective pain scores. Compared with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine; 2% lidocaine with epinephrine-bupivicaine mixture was not significantly different in terms of subjective symptoms or pH.
- Citation
- Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, v.33, no.2, pp 132 - 135
- Pages
- 4
- Journal Title
- Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Volume
- 33
- Number
- 2
- Start Page
- 132
- End Page
- 135
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/sch/handle/2021.sw.sch/7722
- DOI
- 10.1097/IOP.0000000000000675
- ISSN
- 0740-9303
1537-2677
- Abstract
- Purpose: A mixture of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine and bupivacaine was developed to achieve the fast-onset anesthetic effect of lidocaine and the long-lasting effect of bupivacaine. The authors compared pain scores between 2% lidocaine, 2% lidocaine with epinephrine, and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine-bupivicaine mixture during local anesthesia for eyelid surgeries. Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, prospective, comparative study. In total, 120 consecutive patients (43 males, 77 females, mean age = 47.2 +/- 21.2) who underwent bilateral eyelid surgery under subcutaneous anesthesia were asked to report pain scores for each eye during the first injection of anesthesia. Each patient was randomly assigned to receive 1 of the 3 anesthetic agents in 1 eyelid, and 1 of the remaining 2 agents in the other. Results: The pH values of the 2% lidocaine, 2% lidocaine with epinephrine, and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine-bupivicaine mixture were 6.23 +/- 0.21, 4.21 +/- 0.37, and 3.87 +/- 0.19, respectively. The pain scores of each were 4.3 +/- 1.8, 5.1 +/- 1.8, and 5.7 +/- 1.9, respectively. The 2% lidocaine with epinephrine produced a statistically significantly higher pain score than 2% lidocaine (p = 0.044, generalized estimating equation method). The mixture also showed a significantly higher pain score than 2% lidocaine (p = 0.003, generalized estimating equation method). Conclusions: Epinephrine seemed to increase subjective pain scores. Compared with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine, 2% lidocaine with epinephrine-bupivicaine mixture was not significantly different in terms of subjective symptoms or pH.
- Files in This Item
- There are no files associated with this item.
- Appears in
Collections - College of Medicine > Department of Ophthalmology > 1. Journal Articles
Items in ScholarWorks are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.