Tandemly stacked photovoltaic organic light-emitting diodes with an Al/Ag double-layer intermediate electrode

Abstract

Photovoltaic organic light-emitting diodes (PVOLEDs) that generate both light and electricity were fabricated using a tandem structure consisting of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) part and an organic solar cell (OSC) part. A semitransparent Al/Ag double-layer intermediate electrode was used to connect the OSC part and the OLED part in the tandem structure. The performance of the PVOLED was comparable with the light- and electricity-generating functions of the single OLED and OSC. As an electricity-generating device, the PVOLED had a 4.5-mA/cm(2) short-circuit current density, 64% fill factor, 2.3% power conversion efficiency, and 0.85-V open-circuit voltage. As a light-generating device, the PVOLED produced 4700-cd/m(2) luminescence at 13.5V, and had a current efficiency of 1.4 cd/A.