Do gender and birth height of infant affect calorie of human milk? An association study between human milk macronutrient and various birth factors
- Authors
- Hahn, Won-Ho; Song, Joon-Hwan; Song, Seunghyun; Kang, Nam Mi
- Issue Date
- 2017
- Publisher
- Parthenon Publishing Group
- Keywords
- Breast milk; calorie; fat; protein
- Citation
- Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, v.30, no.13, pp 1608 - 1612
- Pages
- 5
- Journal Title
- Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
- Volume
- 30
- Number
- 13
- Start Page
- 1608
- End Page
- 1612
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/sch/handle/2021.sw.sch/8445
- DOI
- 10.1080/14767058.2016.1219989
- ISSN
- 1476-7058
1476-4954
- Abstract
- Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the macronutrient of human milk (HM) and to find out the various maternal-infantile factors that can affect HM composition. Methods: 478 HM samples were collected from healthy and exclusively breast-feeding mothers who delivered healthy term neonates within 3 months. Macronutrient of the samples was analyzed and the birth data were collected. Results: In multivariate logistic regression analysis, various maternal-infantile factors were found to be associated with HM composition changes; higher fat: cesarean section (OR = 2.47, p < 0.001) and birth height (OR = 0.84, p = 0.004); higher protein: postpartum age (OR = 0.89, p < 0.001); higher carbohydrate: vaginal delivery (OR = 0.50, p = 0.005) and female infant (OR = 0.56, p = 0.012); higher calorie: postpartum age (OR = 0.95, p = 0.003), female infant (OR = 0.33, p = 0.017), and birth height (OR = 0.74, p < 0.001). Female infant (OR = 0.36, p = 0.029), birth height (OR = 0.73, p = 0.001), and postpartum age (OR = 0.95, p = 0.005) were found as independent risk factors for higher HM calorie. Conclusion: Various maternal-infantile factors were found to affect HM composition. Interestingly, delivery mode, gender of infant, and birth height were associated with changes in HM macronutrient as well as postpartum age.
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Collections - College of Medicine > Department of Pediatrics > 1. Journal Articles
- College of Medicine > Department of Pediatrics > 1. Journal Articles
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