Gold nanostar-modified electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive renin quantification as a marker of tissue-perfusion

Abstract

This study proposes and demonstrates a novel electrochemical sensor for accurate quantification of renin levels in human samples. The carbon-based device modified with polyarginine-coated gold nanostars, exhibited enhanced stability and dispersion. Characterization techniques confirmed minimal alterations in the nanostructure morphology. Differential pulse voltammetry measurements on undiluted plasma samples demonstrated a highly linear current peak for renin levels with a low limit of detection. Bland–Altman analysis showed strong agreement with the gold standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gold nanostars double layer improved sensor selectivity and sensitivity, offering a fast and cost-effective method for renin quantification under tissue perfusion conditions. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Materials Research Society.