A new severity index for nondestructive dynamic analyses in equinus gait

Abstract

Equinus gait, defined as walking on one forefoot or both forefeet, has long been considered an undesirable characteristic in patients with a variety of neuromuscular disorders. In the equinus gait, the heel contact pattern is changed according to the severity, because an excessive ankle plantar flexion instigates rearfoot lifting in patients. However, no biomechanical severity index exists to evaluate the rehabilitation procedure of equinus gait. Therefore, we developed an SIEG (Severity Index of Equinus Gait) for nondestructive evaluation of the equinus gait and to validate the index with regard to 11 kinematic and kinetic factors of gait analysis. In this study, the 3-D heel contact pattern was considered for the development of a severity index. In order to verify the result, we compared the developed severity index values with ankle joint kinematic and kinetic factors in 3 test groups. As a result, the average SIEG values ranged between 10.45 (Normal group) and 26.61 (Severe group) and the highest correlation with regard to the 3 groups was shown in the developed severity index. Additionally, we also presented a fuzzy model using Takagi-Sugeno-Kang(TSK) logic with regard to the 12 factors in order to more accurately classify equinus gait.