다형 김현승과 재북시인 김조규의 초기시 대비고찰 - 숭실전문 시절의 종교적 성향과 역사의식을 중심으로

Abstract

The two poets, whose fathers were all pastors, have many things in common; they attended Seungshil College in Pyungyang in the first half of the 1930s and were under the influence of the two literary giants of the time such as Literary Professor and Poet Yang Joo-dong and Lee Hyo-seok. After graduation, however, the two poets took different path towards poetry in South and North Koreas respectively. The study focuses on identifying the origin of the difference between the two poets by examining early days of their poetry career. A close look at the two poets’ religious propensity shows that despite the fact that both poets were raised by pastor’s family, they took different attitude toward Christianity. Kim Hyun-seung was a dedicated reader of the Bible and led a religious life as a Christian. By contrast, Kim Cho-kyu used to debate religious matters with his father and leaned toward Marxism. The difference is extended to the two’s recognition of reality and historical sense. Kim Hyun-seung expressed positive and optimistic view about the future with his Christianity-based historical sense. He also imagined arrival of entirely new world just beyond the boundary of Japanese colonial rule. By contrast, Kim Cho-kyu took thoroughly realistic approach and invested his time and energy to develop ways of re-building the country’s history. He remained focused on historical issues of the time. After graduation, Kim Hyun-seung stopped writing poems. Since Korea was finally freed from the Japanese colonial rule and was declared independent nation, however, he turned his attention to the inner world and wrote poems reflecting on human nature and society from the perspective of Christianity. Meanwhile, after graduation, Kim Cho-kyu kept writing poems embracing surrealism. After Korea achieved independence, he showed brisk activity in North Korea, writing poems revealing his ideological tendency. Despite childhood and cultural similarities that exist between the two poets, their choice of different ideology led them to exhibit different poetic world. This provides another insight into divided Korean literary world, apart from division of Korea resulting from irrevocable collision of political ideology.